{"id":1807,"date":"2010-08-26T05:00:55","date_gmt":"2010-08-26T05:00:55","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/xromata.com\/?p=1807"},"modified":"2010-08-03T08:03:42","modified_gmt":"2010-08-03T08:03:42","slug":"%ce%9a%cf%89%ce%bd%ce%af%cf%89%ce%bd-%cf%83%cf%85%ce%bd%ce%ad%cf%87%ce%b5%ce%b9%ce%b1-%ce%bc%ce%ad%cf%81%ce%bf%cf%82-2%ce%bf","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/xromata.com\/?p=1807","title":{"rendered":"\u039a\u03c9\u03bd\u03af\u03c9\u03bd \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1 (\u03bc\u03ad\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 2\u03bf) = Continuing with cones (part 2)"},"content":{"rendered":"

Κων\u03afα (και π\u03acλι. Μ\u03adρος 2ο )!<\/font><\/span><\/u><\/o:p><\/font><\/span><\/u><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Ο φυσιολογικ\u03ccς \u03acνθρωπος (\u03ccπως αναφ\u03adραμε στο προηγο\u03cdμενο <\/span>post<\/span>) \u03adχει τρ\u03afα ε\u03afδη κων\u03afων. <\/o:p><\/span><\/font><\/p>\n

Κ\u03acθε ε\u03afδος κων\u03afων περι\u03adχει μια παραλλαγ\u03ae της χρωστικ\u03aeς ουσ\u03afας ιοδοψ\u03afνης.<\/o:p><\/font><\/span><\/p>\n

Αυτ\u03adς οι τρεις διαφορετικ\u03adς οπτικο-χρωστικ\u03adς (φωτοχρωστικ\u03adς) ουσ\u03afες περι\u03adχουν ρετιν\u03ccλη ενωμ\u03adνη με διαφορετικο\u03cdς τ\u03cdπους οψ\u03afνης. <\/o:p><\/font><\/span><\/p>\n

Τα ανθρ\u03ceπινα κων\u03afα ε\u03afναι ευα\u03afσθητα σε τρεις διαφορετικ\u03adς διαβαθμ\u03afσεις του ορατο\u03cd φ\u03acσματος, στην κ\u03ccκκινη, στην πρ\u03acσινη και στην μπλε ακτινοβολ\u03afα.<\/font><\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

<\/o:p><\/font><\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/font><\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Το πρ\u03ceτο ε\u03afδος κων\u03afων διεγε\u03afρεται απ\u03cc μακρ\u03ac μ\u03aeκη κ\u03cdματος φωτ\u03ccς. <\/o:p><\/font><\/span><\/p>\n

Ο δε\u03cdτερος τ\u03cdπος κων\u03afων διεγε\u03afρεται απ\u03cc μεσα\u03afα μ\u03aeκη κ\u03cdματος φωτ\u03ccς, εν\u03ce ο τρ\u03afτος ανταποκρ\u03afνεται στα μικρ\u03ac μ\u03aeκη κ\u03cdματος φωτ\u03ccς.<\/o:p><\/font><\/span><\/p>\n

Δηλαδ\u03ae, ο πρ\u03ceτος τ\u03cdπος ανταποκρ\u03afνεται σε μ\u03aeκη κ\u03cdματος 564 – 580 νανομ\u03adτρων και χαρακτηρ\u03afζεται ως <\/span>L<\/span> απ\u03cc το αγγλικ\u03cc <\/span>long<\/span> = μακρ\u03cdς.     <\/span><\/o:p><\/span><\/font><\/p>\n

Ο δε\u03cdτερος τ\u03cdπος ανταποκρ\u03afνεται σε μ\u03aeκη κ\u03cdματος 534 – 545 νανομ\u03adτρων και χαρακτηρ\u03afζεται ως <\/span>M<\/span> απ\u03cc το αγγλικ\u03cc <\/span>medium<\/span> = μεσα\u03afος.     <\/span><\/o:p><\/span><\/font><\/p>\n

Εν\u03ce ο τρ\u03afτος τ\u03cdπος ανταποκρ\u03afνεται σε μ\u03aeκη κ\u03cdματος 420 – 440 νανομ\u03adτρων και χαρακτηρ\u03afζεται ως <\/span>S<\/span> απ\u03cc το αγγλικ\u03cc <\/span>short<\/span> = κοντ\u03ccς.<\/span>     <\/span><\/font><\/font><\/p>\n

Στον \u03acνθρωπο λοιπ\u03ccν, υπ\u03acρχουν τρεις διαφορετικ\u03adς ιοδοψ\u03afνες (αν\u03acλογα της ροδοψ\u03afνης των ραβδ\u03afων) που ε\u03afναι συμπλ\u03adγματα πρωτε\u0390νης και χρωστικ\u03aeς φωτοψ\u03afνης I, II, και III<\/font><\/span><\/span> <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Οι τρεις αυτο\u03af διαφορετικο\u03af τ\u03cdποι ιοδοψ\u03afνης καλο\u03cdνται erythrolabe, chlorolabe, και cyanolabe, αντ\u03afστοιχα, δηλαδ\u03ae ερυθρολαβ\u03ae, χλωρολαβ\u03ae και κυανολαβ\u03ae, ονομασ\u03afες σχηματιζ\u03ccμενες απ\u03cc τις ελληνικ\u03adς λ\u03adξεις:<\/span><\/o:p><\/font><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Ερυθρ\u03ccς (κ\u03ccκκινος) + λαβ\u03ae (απ\u03cc το λαμβ\u03acνω)<\/o:p><\/font><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Χλωρ\u03ccς (πρ\u03acσινος) + λαβ\u03ae<\/o:p><\/font><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Κυαν\u03ccς (μπλε) + λαβ\u03ae<\/o:p><\/font><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/font><\/o:p><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

(Η διαφορετικ\u03ccτητα των οψιν\u03ceν των κων\u03afων οφε\u03afλεται στην διαφορ\u03ac κ\u03acποιων αμινοξ\u03adων που περι\u03adχουν, \u03adτσι απορροφο\u03cdν διαφορετικ\u03ac μ\u03aeκη κ\u03cdματος φωτ\u03ccς).<\/o:p><\/font><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/font><\/o:p><\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\n

Cone type<\/o:p><\/font><\/font><\/b><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

Name<\/o:p><\/font><\/font><\/b><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

Range<\/o:p><\/font><\/font><\/b><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

Peak wavelength<\/o:p><\/font><\/font><\/b><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

S (<\/font>OPN1SW<\/font><\/a>) – "tritan", "cyanolabe"<\/font><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

β<\/font><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

400–500 <\/font>nm<\/font><\/a><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

420–440 nm<\/font><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

M (<\/font>OPN1MW<\/font><\/a>) – "deutan", "chlorolabe"<\/font><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

γ<\/font><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

450–630 nm<\/font><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

534–545 nm<\/font><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

L (<\/font>OPN1LW<\/font><\/a>) – "protan", "erythrolabe"<\/font><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

ρ<\/font><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

500–700 nm<\/font><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

564–580 nm<\/font><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

 <\/p>\n

Translated to English<\/o:p><\/font><\/font><\/span><\/u><\/span><\/p>\n

Cones (once again. Part 2)! <\/font><\/span><\/u><\/span>
\n<\/span><\/u> <\/font><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/font><\/span><\/span>

\n<\/span>A normal person (as mentioned in previous post) has three types of cone. <\/font><\/span><\/span>
\nEach cone type contains a variant of the iodopsin pigment. <\/span>
\nThese three different coloring (photopigments) substances contain retinol united with different types of opsin. <\/span>
\nHuman cones are sensitive to three different grades of the visible spectrum, red, green and blue light. <\/span>
\nThe first type of cones is excited by long wavelength light. <\/span>
\nThe second type of cones is excited by medium wavelength light, while the third responds to the short wavelength light. <\/span>
\nThus, the first type responds to wavelengths from 564 to 580 nanometers and is designated as L from the English long = long. <\/span>
\nThe second type corresponds to wavelengths of 534-545 nm and is designated as M in the English medium = medium. <\/span>
\nWhile the third type corresponds to wavelengths of 420-440 nanometers and is classified as S by the English short = short.<\/o:p><\/span><\/font><\/font><\/span><\/p>\n

In humans, therefore, there are three different iodopsins (rhodopsin analogues to rods) that are complexes of protein and photopsin pigment I, II, and III <\/font><\/span><\/span>
\nThese three different types of iodopsins are called erythrolabe, chlorolabe, and cyanolabe, respectively, names formed from the Greek words: <\/span>
\n<\/font><\/font><\/span>Erythro (red) + lavi (handle)  <\/span><\/font><\/font><\/span><\/span>
\nChloro (green) + lavi (handle)  <\/span><\/o:p><\/font><\/font><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Cyano (blue) + lavi (handle) <\/font><\/span><\/span>
\n  <\/span>
\n(The diversity of the cones caused due to a difference of some amino acids they contain, thereby absorb different wavelengths of light).<\/span><\/span><\/font><\/font><\/span><\/o:p><\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Κων\u03afα (και π\u03acλι. Μ\u03adρος 2ο )!   Ο φυσιολογικ\u03ccς \u03acνθρωπος (\u03ccπως αναφ\u03adραμε στο προηγο\u03cdμενο post) \u03adχει τρ\u03afα ε\u03afδη κων\u03afων. Κ\u03acθε ε\u03afδος κων\u03afων περι\u03adχει μια παραλλαγ\u03ae της χρωστικ\u03aeς ουσ\u03afας ιοδοψ\u03afνης. Αυτ\u03adς οι τρεις διαφορετικ\u03adς οπτικο-χρωστικ\u03adς (φωτοχρωστικ\u03adς) ουσ\u03afες περι\u03adχουν ρετιν\u03ccλη ενωμ\u03adνη με διαφορετικο\u03cdς τ\u03cdπους οψ\u03afνης. Τα ανθρ\u03ceπινα κων\u03afα ε\u03afναι ευα\u03afσθητα σε τρεις διαφορετικ\u03adς διαβαθμ\u03afσεις του ορατο\u03cd φ\u03acσματος, […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[20],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1807","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-leitourgies-orasis-xromatwn"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/xromata.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1807","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/xromata.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/xromata.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/xromata.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/xromata.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=1807"}],"version-history":[{"count":7,"href":"https:\/\/xromata.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1807\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1809,"href":"https:\/\/xromata.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1807\/revisions\/1809"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/xromata.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=1807"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/xromata.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=1807"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/xromata.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=1807"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}